Ecology - Scientific study of all the interrelationships between organisms and their environment, Biosphere - All of Earth’s organisms and the environments in which they live., Biotic Factors - Any living factor in an organism’s environment., Abiotic Factors - Any nonliving factor in an organism’s environment, such as soil, water, temperature, and light availability., Limiting Factor - Biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the number, distribution, or reproduction of a population within a community., Tolerance - Organism’s ability to survive biotic and abiotic factors. As the body becomes less responsive to a drug, an individual needs larger and more frequent doses to achieve the same effect., Population - Group of organisms of the same species that occupy the same geographic place at the same time., Biological Community - All the interacting populations of different species that live in the same geographic location at the same time., Ecosystem - Biological community and all the nonliving factors that affect it., Biome - Large group of ecosystems that share the same climate and have similar types of communities., Habitat - Physical area in which an organism lives., Niche - Role, or position, of an organism in its environment., Predation - Act of one organism feeding on another organism., Symbiosis - Close mutualistic, parasitic, or commensal association between two or more species that live together., Mutualism - Symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit., Commensalism - Symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is neither helped nor harmed., Parasitism - Symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another organism., Autotroph - organism that captures energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to produce its own food; provides the foundation of the food supply for other organisms; also called a producer., Heterotroph - organism that cannot make its own food and gets its nutrients and energy requirements by feeding on other organisms; also called a consumer., Herbivore - heterotroph that eats only plants., Carnivore - heterotroph that preys on other heterotrophs., Omnivores - Organisms that eat both plants and animals., Detritivores - heterotroph that decomposes organic material and returns the nutrients to soil, air, and water, making the nutrients available to other organisms., Trophic Level - Each step in a food chain or food web., Food Chain - A model that shows how energy flows through an ecosystem, Food Web - A model representing the many interconnected food chains and pathways in which energy flows through a group of organisms., Biomass - The total mass of living matter at each trophic level-decreases at each trophic level.,

Module 2.1-2.2

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